Impact of Obesity on Markers of Ovarian Reserve in Reproductive Age Pakistani Women

The word "obesity" is well-defined as person having BMI of 30 kg/m² or greater than it. Obesity shows a very negative influence on most of the systems or organs, like impact on the reproductive system. This study aims to analyze the relationship of serum and ultrasound markers of ovarian function with BMI in menstruating women. The cross-sectional research was held at IIMCT Railway General Hospital Rawalpindi and it includes 140 participants, i-e 70 obese and 70 non-obese women. Blood specimens were drawn on third day of their menstrual cycle to evaluate hormonal markers. While ultrasound markers like volume of the ovaries along with antral follicle count was assessed using transvaginal ultrasonography. Statistical analysis includes student t test and Pearson correlation test to assess the relationship of obesity with different parameters. The women with higher BMI shown lower serum AMH levels with p-value less than 0.001, while average levels of FSH and Estradiol shows no statistical difference. The average antra follicular count was lower significantly in obese women with significant p-value. As evaluated by Pearson Correlation, BMI shown a strong significant negative correlation with both AFC and ovarian volume. The following results highlighted a fact that higher body mass index (BMI) effects the hormonal markers but AMH only shows statistical difference between two groups. The correlation of BMI suggests that as BMI increases, both antral follicles and ovarian size decreases.