Improving the efficiency of Brushless DC (BLDC) electric motors using a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) based control system

This study aims to improve the efficiency of Brushless DC (BLDC) electric motors using a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) based control system integrated with an ATmega16 microcontroller. The PID control system is applied to the Votol EM50SP controller to optimize the performance of the BLDC motor under various load conditions. The results show that the addition of the PID algorithm significantly improves the energy efficiency of the motor, with an efficiency increase of up to 96.49% at low speed (400 RPM) compared to the Votol controller without PID which only reaches 80.41%. In addition, the system with PID also shows a longer mileage and lower power consumption without sacrificing torque performance significantly. Thus, the integration of the PID control system offers a more efficient and stable solution for BLDC electric motor applications, especially in energy saving and increasing motor durability.