Policy implementation of universal health coverage for the poor

Implementing the health policy of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) with the inclusion of the poor becomes a challenge in public policy all over the world. This study aimed to critically examine the current status of UHC implementation for the poor, identify the key barriers to achieving UHC for the poor, and propose actionable recommendations for policymakers in the study area. It used a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative observation surveys and related documents, and qualitative interviews. Data analysis used descriptive analysis consisting of quantitative analysis using statistical methods to analyse existing UHC, and qualitative thematic analysis of interview transcripts to identify key themes related to the implementation challenges and successes. The results show that the budgeting availability of health insurance for the poor was adequate. The existing health insurance provided by three government levels was more than the existing poor people. Unfortunately, the available health insurance was not distributed properly so UHC for the poor could not be realized. Failure of UHC was caused by two factors. Firstly, many double recordings of poor people as beneficiaries were taken place in many sub-districts. Secondly, many health insurance were distributed to non-poor people, not targeted beneficiaries. It was biased beneficiaries, non-poor people included as beneficiaries of health insurance for the poor. This prevented a part of the poor not having health insurance and they were excluded from the planning process as beneficiaries of UHC so UHC for the poor could not be realized in the study area.