Chinese Science Bulletin

Patch antennas are the most vital component of the various automotive applications due to its small size and conformal features and can offer both ground and space-based communications. This article presents 1×2 element S-shaped slotted microstrip patch antenna array operating at a center frequency of 8.2 GHz in X-band suitable for terrestrial communications. The fabricated prototype of the proposed design offers a compact size of 36mm × 50mm and measured -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 700 MHz in band of interest. Moreover, the simulated effect of plastic and glass part of the car body has al

The sharp and terrific increment in pollution and waste, economic growth, industrialization, and urbanization have become major issues that must be addressed by nationally and internationally governments in order to maintain balance in the environment and life. The greatest economic value is defined when waste is detached at the primary level. Waste segregation at dump yards takes time, providing recycling ineffective. Waste must be separated, handled, transported, and disposed of properly in order to reduce the risk to public health and the environment. The goal of this article is to create a

Frequent traffic jams cause an accumulation of vehicles at intersections adjacent to railroad crossing gate, which results in reduced road service functions, loss of vehicle function as a means of transportation, waste of fuel energy, and increased CO and CO2 levels in the intersection area these four. The absence of integrated control between traffic lights and the opening and closing of railroad crossing gate causes traffic jams. Therefore, integrated control must be carried out, especially during and after a while when trains cross the highway. One of the cases raised in this research was a

Developing low-dielectric materials has opened new paths toward developing highly efficient microstrip Patch antennas for wireless applications. This paper presents the performance of various dielectric materials, having dielectric constants ranging from 2 to 5. The rectangular microstrip patch antennas for WiMAX, WLAN applications have been designed and fabricated. Substrates used to design the antennas are FR4 glass epoxy, RT Duroid, and Rogers with dielectric constants of 4.4, 2.2, and 3 respectively. The thickness of the substrates is fixed at 1.52 mm. A comparative analysis based on retu

Researching navigation for mobile robots to follow the desired trajectory is crucial to ensure their swift and accurate movement while avoiding obstacles. Most mapping techniques rely on Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), which involves creating a map and determining the robot's position by collecting data from sensors like Lidar and cameras. The Karto SLAM algorithm is a graph optimization method that utilizes ghosts. It optimizes the Cholesky factorization and does not require iterating to solve sparse systems. The map is represented by the mean value of the histogram, with each n