Chinese Science Bulletin

Many prior investigations have highlighted the slow convergence of the Ant Colony Algorithm (ACO) compared to various other metaheuristic algorithms in the pursuit of identifying optimal solutions. This research seeks to modify the ACO algorithm for its application in resolving the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) within the context of solid waste collection and transportation operations. The primary objective is to enhance the exploration capacity of ACO by integrating it with the Sequential Variable Neighborhood Search Change Step and Sequential Variable Neighborhood Descent algori

The results of a study of the composition of bitumen from Beke oil sand (Kazakhstan) and products obtained in the process of supercritical fluid (SCF) extraction in n-hexane and its mixture with isopropanol are presented. It has been shown that the content of high-molecular heteroatomic compounds – resins and asphaltenes in bitumen reaches 50 wt. %. The amount of saturated compounds in bitumen exceeds the content of aromatic hydrocarbons by 3 times. Among aromatic hydrocarbons, monoarenes are found in the highest concentrations. It has been established that SCF extraction leads to the format

This study presents a comprehensive assessment of the sustainability of potential locations for small hydropower in the Citarum Watershed, with a specific focus on future water supply, erosion, and sedimentation. The research introduces a novel methodology that integrates the CA-Markov model with IDRISI TerrSet software alongside SWAT to predict and evaluate the implications of land use changes on hydropower sustainability. By combining land use prediction models with hydrological tools, the study offers a holistic understanding of the environmental impact of small hydropower projects. The sco

Breast cancer (BC) remains a predominant concern among women globally. Striving to prevent and identify BC in its initial phases, the development of computer aided-diagnosis (CAD)is imperative. These systems play a pivotal role in precisely controlling tumor growth and administering tailored treatments based on the tumor's pathological stage. The foundational step in creating such a system involves a crucial pretreatment phase aimed at enhancing the quality of image boundaries and structures. Subsequently, the segmentation step becomes essential, particularly in the context of Medio-Lateral-Ob

From the perspective of fuzzy points, the fuzzification of (ordered) subalgebras in OBCI-algebras is discussed. The notion of fuzzy (ordered) subal- gebras in OBCI-algebras is introduced, and several properties are investigated. The relationship between fuzzy subalgebras and fuzzy ordered subalgebras is considered, and conditions in which the fuzzy ordered subalgebra becomes the fuzzy subalgebra are provided. Characterization of the fuzzy (ordered) subal- gebra are displayed. The conditions under which they become (ordered) sub- algebras are explored by forming level set and q-set. Finally, tr